An Echocardiography is a non-invasive ultrasound scan performed using a handheld probe placed on the chest to obtain detailed images of the heart. 

A small amount of gel is applied to improve image quality, and the examination usually takes between 20 and 40 minutes. 

The test is painless, although slight pressure from the probe may be felt during image acquisition. 

No special preparation is usually required, and there is no exposure to radiation.

A screening echocardiogram can identify structural heart abnormalities, valve disease, changes in heart muscle function, and other findings affecting cardiac performance.

It provides real-time assessment of how the heart is working.

A screening echocardiogram may be considered where there is family history of heart disease, symptoms such as breathlessness or palpitations, abnormal examination findings, or a wish for additional cardiovascular reassurance.

It is often used as part of a broader preventative cardiac assessment and may also be helpful where previous ECG findings require further clarification.

An ECG records the electrical activity of the heart and helps identify rhythm abnormalities.

An echocardiogram uses ultrasound to assess heart structure, valve function, and how effectively the heart muscle pumps blood.

A CT calcium score measures calcium within the coronary arteries and helps assess long-term cardiovascular risk by identifying calcified plaque.

These investigations provide different types of information and may be used together where clinically appropriate.

No. 

A screening echocardiogram assesses heart structure and function but does not directly visualise the coronary arteries.

Where coronary artery assessment is needed, additional investigations such as a CT calcium score may be recommended.